Dual-process models propose that recognition memory consists of two distinct forms of memory, familiarity and recollection. Research efforts in the last 40 years have investigated the effect of emotion on memory. Previous research using source-monitoring tasks has found that emotional words enhance the recollective process for source information. Using a source-retrieval paradigm, this study investigated whether the emotional valence of an image has an effect on item recognition and recollection. Based on previous research using valenced words, it was predicted that emotional images would enhance recollection of source information, but not item recognition. The results of the experiment did not demonstrate this effect; valenced images elicited poorer performance for unstudied item recognition judgments, and negatively valenced images elicited the poorest source retrieval performance. The data suggest that emotional scenes may promote the use of recollective processes to support item recognition judgments, and that negative scenes impair recollective processes that support source-retrieval performance. The findings are discussed with regard to The Yonelinas Model of recognition memory (Yonelinas, 2002) and the narrowing-of-attention hypothesis (Cook, Hicks & Marsh, 2007).