| ชื่อเรื่อง | : | Lead ingots from a shipwreck off Poompuhar, Tamil Nadu, east coast of India: Evidence for overseas trade and their significance |
| นักวิจัย | : | Tripati, S. , Parthiban, G. , Vora, K.H. , Sundaresh , Bandodkar, S.N. |
| คำค้น | : | archaeology , underwater exploration , ship losses , wrecks , wreck location , trace metals , trade |
| หน่วยงาน | : | National Institute Of Oceanography (NIO), India |
| ผู้ร่วมงาน | : | - |
| ปีพิมพ์ | : | 2546 |
| อ้างอิง | : | The International Journal of Nautical Archaeology, Vol.32; 225-237p. , http://drs.nio.org/drs/handle/2264/1278 |
| ที่มา | : | - |
| ความเชี่ยวชาญ | : | - |
| ความสัมพันธ์ | : | - |
| ขอบเขตของเนื้อหา | : | - |
| บทคัดย่อ/คำอธิบาย | : | Various types of lead ingots have been reported from a number of shipwrecks from different parts of the world. In 1991 exploration of a wreck off Poompuhar, Tamil Nadu, east coast of India, at a depth of 19 m yielded a gun, rudder gudgeon, gunpowder boxes and a variety of lead ingots. The most significant ingots are those marked W: Blackett and D with a crown symbol on the obverse and 1791, 1792 and some merchant marks on the reverse. These are similar to Blackett lead ingots found in England, the Netherlands and Sumatra. Pb-isotopic analysis has revealed their source as the North Pennine lead mines of England. Further, the lead used was of high purity approx. 93%. Records show that Blackett was a well-known lead-exporting company in England since 1694. The wreck off Poompuhar may be a Toni type cargo ship carrying traded lead ingots of different manufacturers |
| บรรณานุกรม | : |
Tripati, S. , Parthiban, G. , Vora, K.H. , Sundaresh , Bandodkar, S.N. . (2546). Lead ingots from a shipwreck off Poompuhar, Tamil Nadu, east coast of India: Evidence for overseas trade and their significance.
: National Institute Of Oceanography (NIO), India. Tripati, S. , Parthiban, G. , Vora, K.H. , Sundaresh , Bandodkar, S.N. . 2546. "Lead ingots from a shipwreck off Poompuhar, Tamil Nadu, east coast of India: Evidence for overseas trade and their significance".
: National Institute Of Oceanography (NIO), India. Tripati, S. , Parthiban, G. , Vora, K.H. , Sundaresh , Bandodkar, S.N. . "Lead ingots from a shipwreck off Poompuhar, Tamil Nadu, east coast of India: Evidence for overseas trade and their significance."
: National Institute Of Oceanography (NIO), India, 2546. Print. Tripati, S. , Parthiban, G. , Vora, K.H. , Sundaresh , Bandodkar, S.N. . Lead ingots from a shipwreck off Poompuhar, Tamil Nadu, east coast of India: Evidence for overseas trade and their significance. : National Institute Of Oceanography (NIO), India; 2546.
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