Contemporary research acknowledges the negative contributions of human factors in rail accident statistics. A subset of that relates to the safety of pedestrians at level crossings.Traditionally, the improvement of new or existing pedestrian level crossings has been done based on different design solutions and operational techniques, the subsequent performance of which hasthen been confirmed or otherwise in post installation commissioning or subsequent operations. However, the focus of the evaluation often lacks any human factors design/engineering focus. There are human factors design issues as well as pedestrianerrors and violations which need to be assessed toidentify their associated risks, predict their likely outcomes and determinepossible prevention measures to minimise theirpotential for harm. In this paper, the modification of existing safety management systems by means of an application of an advanced riskcost-benefit analysis technique will be discussed.