Polymeric flocculants of aluminum hydroxide-poly[acrylamide-co-(acrylic acid)], AHAMAA, were prepared by solution polymerization using aluminum hydroxide as a coagulant in the presence of acrylamide (AM) and acrylic acid (AA) as a comonomer pair with N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide as a crosslinking agent. The crosslinking was initiated by ammonium persulfate with N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylethylenediamine as an initiator. The water absorbency of crosslinked poly[AM-co-AA] was always higher than that of AHAMAA and was found to be correlated to the storage modulus of the polymers, which was higher for AHAMAA than that of crosslinked poly[AM-co-AA]. The residual aluminum concentration of AHAMAA (0.09–0.2 mg L−1) indicated the stability of the polymer flocculant which was in good agreement with the observed tan δ and the higher G′′ and G′ values. Both the crosslinked poly[AM-co-AA] and AHAMAA satisfactorily reduced the turbidity of kaolin suspensions, but the latter gave a better reduction performance