This study aims to investigate elements of art appearing in the muralpaintings at the ~usim~u (shrine hall) and to examine reflections appearingin the mural paintings at the ~usim~u of Wat Pa Rerai at Ban Nong Phok,Tambon Dong Bang, Amphoe Na Dun, Maha Sarakham by studying from documentsand related researches as well as field studies through observations andinterviews with local personnel. The study results are then presented in adescriptive analysis form. The results are as follows: The mural paintings at the ~usim~u of Wat Pa Rerai at Ban Nong Phok,Tambon Dong Bang, Amphoe Na Dum, Maha Sarakham can be divided into twoareas, i.e. internal area and external area of the ~usim~u. In the internalwall area are the paintings with the story of Phra Malai and histories ofthe Lord Buddha which are the art media for the religious practiciansinside the ~usim~u, i.e. monks. In the external wall area are the paintingswith the stories about Buddhist tales, literature, and the way of life ofthe villagers. In determining the elements of internal painting creation, the spaceareas between rooms with columns separating the stories are determinedwhile in the external area the painter begins the story in the area inwhich his skillful, arranging the story from right to left and from bottomto top by having the boundary lines, natural conditions, and structures asthe border of the stories. The most favorable colors used for painthing arethose in the cold group, i.e. blue, green, sky blue, and black while hotcolors include red and brown being in a small number of paintings. The creation of mural paintings at the ~usim~u of Wat Pa Reraireflects the stags of being in the way of life of the villagers,particularly beliefs in Buddhism that the villagers use as the holder oftheir minds in the daily living. In addition, it reflects traditionalactivity performance of the villagers such as Bun Phawet Merit-Making inthe Maha. Vessantara Jataka Story, tales retold in folk literature inrelation to ~usu khwan~u (soul calling) tradition, cremation tradition,game playing, hunting, and the language use for describing illustrations inthe dharma alphabets which were widely used among folk learned men at thattime.