The objectives of this research are to compare the energy efficiency performance of a steel-frame house and a wood-frame house with conventional concrete-frame house, and to evaluate the economical value of the houses based on their construction and electricity costs. The results of the study were then concluded in order to suggest appropriate wall, floor, and roof component system for frame construction house. The methods and computer programs for calculating energy performance of the frame construction were also studied. The methodology of the research involved: 1) collecting the data needed to analyze the energy consumption of the houses; 2) studying the methods for calculating energy consumption of the wood-frame and steel-frame houses, and comparing the advantages and disadvantages of the different methods in order to choose the most appropriate one; 3) utilizing the energy simulation program “EnergyPlus” to simulate energy consumption of the houses; 4) estimating the construction cost of the three types of houses and evaluating their economical value based on construction and electricity costs; and 5) investigating alternative wall, floor, and roof component systems for wood-frame and steel-frame houses to find the most economical system. The results show that both the wood-frame house and the steel-frame house consume less energy than the concrete-frame house. In the case of air conditioner being used mostly at night, the steel-frame house consumes less energy than the wood-frame one. However, the result turns out completely opposite when there is air conditioning 24 hours. Considering their higher additional construction costs, 482,700 Baht for wood-frame house and 179,400 Baht for steel-frame house, together with savings in electricity cost of 5,800 Baht for wood-frame and 6,600 Baht for the steel-frame annually, the cost recovery period for both wood-frame and steel-frame houses would take longer than 25 years. The results of the study concerning wall, ceiling, roof, and floor components show that adding insulation material layers to the walls, ceilings, and roofs did not help to decrease the energy consumption of the houses when air conditioning is used mostly at night time, but will do so when it is operating 24 hours. Adding insulation to the floor of the second storey can decrease only small amount of energy consumption in both air conditioning situations.