This descriptive study was conducted to identify the level of self-care practices of Chinese school-age children with primary nephrotic syndrome (NS). Orems self-care theory was used as conceptual framework. A purposive sampling method was used to select 66 school-age children with NS hospitalized at least once and attending Out-patient Department of the first, second, and third teaching haspitals of Sun Yat sen University, Guangzhou City, Guangdong Province, China. Demographic Data Interview Form, Medical Record Form, and School-age Children with Nephrotic Syndrome Self-care Practices Interview Guide were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics in terms of frequency, percentage mean, and standard deviabion were used to analyze the data. The findings of this study showed that most of the subjects (90.9%) had high level of self-care practices. Also, the majority of the subjects had high level of self-care practices in universal, developmental, and health deviation dimensions (83.3%, 69.7%, 84.8%, respectively). In addition, the majority of the subjects who were early, middle, and late school-age children had high level of self-care practices (83.3%, 94.7%, 100%, respectively). The findings of this study provide information for nurses to understand self-care practices of chinese school-age children with nephrotic syndrome. The findings also guide nurses to assess and promote self-care practices of Chinese school-age children with nephrotic syndrome. Replications of this study in a large sample size and different settings such as rural areas and other provinces are recommended.