In the 5 provinces (Nakorn Si Thammarat, Trung, Patthalung, Songkhla and Satun) of southern Thailand, it is defined as high potential areas of mangosteen production for export. However, there have been some limitations; such as 1) poor fruit quality for export, 2) climate variation causing low yield and fruit disorders and 3) the problem of marketing system. Therefore, the experimental of area-based cooperation was conducted during 2008-2010. The result showed that the improvement of production by good agriculture practice (GAP) could enhance standard fruit quality for export compared with the conventional practice by the farmers. Besides, climatic variation resulted in phenological change of mangosteen. For example in 2008, alternate-bearing occurred leading to low yield of in-season produce. However, off-season flowering occurred in Nakorn Si Thammarat and Patthalung, then the farmers could get the high price of mangosteen. In 2009, there were high yield of in-season mangosteen leading to price crisis. Off-season mangosteen in 2009 occurred earlier leading to harvest during rainy season (November- December) with high fruit disorders of translucent flesh and gambage. From the phenomenon in the both years, it points out that there are potential benefit in-season and off-season production. Therefore, it is possible to improve production for export with good management of cultural practice. In case of marketing system, there are some problem in the linkage between the farmers and buyers, and it needs to be improved in the both sides. Finally, the farmers should be transfered the technology for fruit quality improvement as export standard and off-season production. Under the marketing system, they should be honest in cooperation, this will lead to a forward market. Furthermore, it needs the support from government officials with good policy for collaboration among the stakeholders. Then, the mangosteen production for export in the 5 provinces of southern Thailand will be sustainable.