Aquaculture production in Singapore is mainly from Seafarming and is about 2% of total fish consumed. At present, there are 79 licensed floating fish farms located in the East and West Johor Straits that culture popular species like sea bass (Lates calcarifer) and estuarine grouper (Epinephelus tauvina). Aquaculture development is geared towards the establishment of highly intensive fish farms such as land-based systems in agrotechnology parks, smaller brackishwater pond systems, and large-scale floating systems in designated sea areas. Research and development on improvement of farming techniques are on-going.Freshwater aquaculture is focused on ornamental fish production. This is a high value trade with yearly growth of 11 % in 1986-1990. Development of intensive farming systems, improvements in water quality management, disease control, and quarantine are considered important. Research concentrates on breeding and genetics.