© 2016 Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland. The MgO nanowire growth on Al 2 O 3 lamellae has been placed on plasma-sprayed process. The chemical compositions of nanocomposite powders were appeared α-Al 2 O 3 and cubic-MgO phases. After deposited by plasma sprayed coating, the chemical composition has presented major of γ-Al 2 O 3 , minor of α-Al 2 O 3 and cubic-MgO phases. The microstructure of Al 2 O 3 /13wt%MgO coating was exhibited high density and good distribution of MgO lamellae with thickness in range 241 μm. The MgO nanowire had dispersion that width diameter in range of ∼96.5 nm and average of length 884.9 nm, on the Al 2 O 3 lamellae. The result of nanostructure MgO nanowire generation could be explained that the MgO clusters have been depressed on the Al 2 O 3 lamella at the low temperature zone, then deposited and nucleated in during plasma-sprayed. It was found that the new phase of spinel Al 2 MgO 4 form interaction between Al 2 O 3 and MgO. The average porosity of ∼14% was observed in Al 2 O 3 /13wt%MgO nanocomposite coating.